Bruxism – Supporting Oral Health and Jaw Function
Bruxism is the involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth. This repetitive movement often involves the incisors and canines and can place stress on the jaw muscles, particularly the medial pterygoid, as well as the temporomandibular joints (TMJ).
Over time, bruxism may be associated with symptoms such as tooth wear, jaw discomfort, headaches, and muscle tension. Because tooth wear can result from multiple causes, bruxism may sometimes be underdiagnosed or overlooked.
Why Early Management Matters
If left unmanaged, bruxism can be associated with:
- Gum recession
- Occlusal trauma, such as cracks or fractures of teeth
- Temporomandibular joint disorders in chronic cases
- Muscle strain and related headaches
Management Approaches
Management depends on the individual patient and may include:
- Mouthguards / Occlusal Splints: Custom devices designed to reduce abrasive tooth contact during sleep and protect teeth and jaw joints.
- Behavioral and Stress-Management Strategies: Techniques such as relaxation therapy, counseling, biofeedback, or cognitive behavioral therapy may help reduce jaw clenching.
- Physiotherapy / Jaw Exercises: Exercises can relieve muscle tension and support TMJ function.
- Medication or Botulinum Toxin (selected cases): Used under professional supervision in specific, severe situations.
- Occlusal Adjustment / Dental Correction: Bite reshaping or alignment adjustments may help reduce mechanical stress contributing to grinding.
- Monitoring and Regular Dental Care: Ongoing evaluation ensures comprehensive management, especially if bruxism coexists with sleep disorders or other dental conditions.
Management plans are individualized, aiming to protect oral health, reduce symptoms, and support jaw function.
Outcomes are individual and may vary according to each patient’s circumstances.
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